A third cancer-associated mutated splicing component is U2AF1, which is recurrently mutated in myelodysplasia syndromes (MDS, ~9%) and hematological malignancies such as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML, ~8%) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML, ~4%) [25,44,45]. The gene discussed is U2AF1; the disease is cancer.