Blockade of nuclear translocation of PD-L1 has been shown to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy [36] and thus, our work provides support that fenofibrate in combination with PD-1/PD-L1-targeted immunotherapies may have clinical utility in the HPV+ HNSCC setting. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.