Although their precise roles in maintaining β-cell identity remain unknow, recent data suggest that the silencing of methyltransferases impacts the insulin/ IGF1-Akt-Pdx1 pathway [35] with hypomethylation in mRNA of the majority of the genes involved in this pathway, leading to altered β-cell proliferation and a decrease in insulin secretion, which is also a hallmark of T2D. This evidence concerns the gene PDX1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.