Cheung et al. studied Ctns−/− mice for both the genetic deletion of Il1b as well as treatment with the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) anakinra, which led to an attenuation of the cachexia phenotype in cystinotic mice, supporting the efficacy of the IL-1 anti-inflammatory-targeted therapy on adipose browning and muscle wasting in nephropathic cystinosis [41]. Here, CTNS is linked to nephropathic cystinosis.