Recombinant EPO and its derivatives are widely clinically used for treatment of anemia due to chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, myelosuppressive therapy for cancer, myelodysplasia, zidovudine in HIV-infected patients, therapy for chronic hepatitis C, in the case of preterm anemia, and for minimization of blood transfusions in patients undergoing surgery, etc. [12]. This evidence concerns the gene EPO and cancer.