CXCL2 and clostridium difficile infection: Doxycycline may be beneficial for C. difficile-induced inflammation, which was evidenced by reports that C. difficile toxin could enhance the production of MIP-2 and TNF-α in macrophages to drive colonic inflammation, and the anti-inflammatory effect of doxycycline can enhance its therapeutic role in acute CDI [38,39,40,41].