Collectively, this model exhibited increased mRNA expression of Il-12b, Tnfrsf1b, Tnfrsf12a, Tnfrsf18, Il-21, Axl, Igfbp6, and Cxcl11 at the T2DM stage, suggesting their potential role as T2DM biomarkers. This evidence concerns the gene AXL and type 2 diabetes mellitus.