Several lines of evidence indicate that ALDH1 enzymes have important roles in promoting GB growth: (i) high expression of ALDH1 correlates with a higher grade of malignancy and poorer prognosis [11,12,13]; (ii) pharmacologic or shRNA-mediated inhibition of ALDH1 sensitizes conventional glioma cell lines to TMZ [12,13]; and (iii) ALDH1 expression is positively associated with the tumor-propagating potential in GSCs [9,14,15,16]. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and glioma.