NLRP3 and bacterial infectious disease: The NACHT domain-, leucin-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex (also known as NALP3 or cryopyrin) is related to the NLRs, and plays a crucial role as an innate immune sensor against microbial pathogens, including bacterial, fungal, or viral infections [9], and can sense a variety of stimuli, such as bacterial infection, extracellular ATP, crystals, and endoplasmic reticulum stress [10,11].