INS and gestational diabetes: The PUFAS, especially those of the omega-3 family (ω-3), such as α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can also be associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in GDM by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB) pathways, thus attenuating the expression of NF-kB, which reflects the decrease in the manifestation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and RONS, improving insulin resistance [167,178,179].