▪Adipose tissue:-It synthesizes adipokines, which can directly influence the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β (IL-1β), nterleukin 6 (IL-6), and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and contribute to the increase of serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and RONS. These factors favor the activation of the inflammatory cascade and, consequently, deregulate organic homeostasis, which may exacerbate the factors involved in the physiopathogenesis of GDM. Here, IL1B is linked to gestational diabetes.