The newer classes of antidiabetic agents include the thiazolidinediones which are peroxisome proliferator activated gamma receptor (PPARγ) activators that stimulate intracellular production of mediators that improve insulin sensitivity in tissues and the sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors prevent renal absorption of glucose to increase excretion of glucose and reduce hyperglycaemia in patients with T2DM. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.