HMOX1 and cancer: This constitutive activation of Nrf2 in cancers induces prosurvival genes, such as heme oxygenase (HO-1), GSTP, GSTA1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and promotes cancer cell proliferation by metabolic reprogramming, repression of cancer cell apoptosis, and enhancement of the self-renewal capacity of cancer stem cells [35].