In addition, ursolic acid treatment for 10 weeks alleviated diabetic kidney injury by regulating the angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein (ARAP1)/angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) signaling pathway and reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), TGF-β1, FN, Col IV, IL-1β and IL-18 at mRNA and protein level leading to inhibition of ECM accumulation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and renal inflammation [143]. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is inflammation.