EPO and chronic kidney disease: This is the case for hypoxia, iron deficiency, cancers, dehydration, metabolic syndrome, phosphate depletion, hemolytic anemia, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, mycoplasma infection, malaria, hemolytic uremic syndrome, sepsis, sickle-cell disease, etc. Additionally, factors known to inhibit eryptosis such as catecholamines, erythropoietin, adenosine, resveratrol, urea, vitamin E, and caffeine have also been reported to modify erythrocyte rheology [24].