The median age of the patients was 69 (9.0) years, median BPH duration was 4 (8.0) years, median prostate size presurgery was 40.7 (23.0) ml, median PSA value before surgery was 5.4 (7.0) ng/ml, and median values of IPSS, QoL score, Qmax, and postvoid residual (PVR) presurgery were 13 (13.0), 3 (1.0), 10 (4.0) ml/s, and 36 (80.0) ml respectively (Table 3). Here, KLK3 is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.