GAA and diabetes mellitus: As shown in Figure 5(a), six types of diabetes oral medication were used in this cohort, including metformin (49, 52.7%), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose) (31, 33.3%), meglitinides (repaglinide) (7, 7.5%), thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone) (3, 3.2%), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (dapagliflozin) (2, 2.2%), and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (linagliptin) (1, 1.1%).