E2F5 and Hydrocephalus: For example, mutations of Mdnah5 and Kif7 will lead to lack of ependymal flow and closure of aqueduct, and dysfunctions of Tg737orpk and E2F transcription factor 5 (E2f5) will result in CSF overproduction through the increased secretory activity of the choroid plexus; both abnormalities will result in hydrocephalus (Lindeman et al., 1998; Ibanez-Tallon et al., 2004; Banizs et al., 2005; Putoux et al., 2011).