On the other hand, the transcription of genes involved in collagens (e.g., col10a1, col11a1, col12a1, and col24a1), antigen processing and presentation (e.g., mr1, b2m, h2-aa, h2-eb1, and rt1-b), T-cell development (e.g., cd28, cd5, tagap, and cd96), and chemokine signaling (e.g., ccl4, ccl20, ccr6, and cccr9) were significantly down-regulated in the co-infection compared to pre-infection. Here, CCL4 is linked to coinfection.