LCN2 and diabetic kidney disease: In our T1DM patients, 50% of children and adolescents had detectable NGAL (E and/or S fraction), 11% had MAU >20 mg/L, and 5.9% elevated ACR, suggesting that this tubular injury biomarker appears when the classic glomerular biomarkers of DKD are not present, this finding is agreeing to previous publication (22, 50).