PRKAA1 and cardiac hypertrophy: Some microRNAs are involved in AMPK pathway such as miR-195 (Chen et al., 2012) and miR-451 (Kuwabara et al., 2015), whose expression is elevated in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, thereby inhibiting the activation of the AMPK/liver kinase B1 (LKB1) signaling axis and amplifying cardiac hypertrophy.