HAMP and anemia: In addition, reduced amounts of phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 (pSMAD1/5/8) were found in hepatic nuclear extracts; and a dose-dependent decrease in hepcidin expression, higher serum iron availability, and increased erythropoiesis were noted in a group A Streptococcus peptidoglycan-polysaccharide fragment–induced rat model of anemia of chronic disease treated with momelotinib for 3 days [66].