Interestingly, some studies have reported the importance of MMP7 in CKD, highlighting this protease as a key regulator of renal fibrosis through three main pathways, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ECM deposition [34, 35]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal fibrosis.