In the total group PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, or combined expression did not significantly correlate with survival, although we did observe a trend toward a worse overall survival for patients with ≥ 10% PD-L1 expression in their tumor versus < 10% PD-L1 (median 11.0 ± 2.4 versus 17.1 ± 4.1 months, respectively, p = 0.088) and for patients with both ≥ 10% PD-L1 expression and ≥ 10 CD8-positive T cells in their tumor versus those with no expression of both markers (median 11.0 ± 2.4 months versus 18.4 ± 4.1 months, respectively, p = 0.083) (Fig. 2A). Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.