ROCK1 and neoplasm: In addition to cardiac pathophysiology, studies using global homozygous ROCK1–/– mouse models supported multiple roles of ROCK1 in regulating both normal and abnormal hematopoiesis in different hematopoietic lineages through both actin-based and non-actin based downstream substrates, including maintaining the activation of tumor-suppressor genes (Gallo et al. 2012; Kapur et al. 2016; Mali et al. 2011, 2014; Vemula et al. 2010, 2012; Wen et al. 2012).