HES1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A study showed that inhibition of LSD1 decreased the expressions of related protein, not only in the Notch pathway (such as Notch3, Notch1, DTX1 and Hes1), but also in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway such as PI3K, p-Akt (Ser473), p-mTOR (Ser2448), p-mTOR (Ser2481) and Rictor in ESCC cells, which indicated that LSD1 might have positively regulating effects on the Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in ESCC [19].