For example, the IFIH1 I923V variant increases an individual’s risk for UC but decreases the risk for T1D; an IL2RA intronic variant, rs61839660, increases the disease risk for CD and SLE but confers protection to T1D; the TYK2 P1104A variant, despite being protective for several autoimmune disorders, increases homozygous carriers’ risk to tuberculosis across diverse ancestral populations [92, 93]. Here, IFIH1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.