ABCA1 and glioblastoma: Another study shows that azathioprine reduced abnormally upregulated cellular cholesterol/lipid biosynthesis and uptake and induced ER stress and apoptosis in glioblastoma; this effect was likely mediated by blocking of EGFR/AKT/SREBP-1 signaling and not via the typical ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux through the LXR transcription factor, as neither LXR nor ABCA1 levels were altered by azathioprine (78).