ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For the treatment of NSCLC patients characterized by targetable and predictive oncogenic mutations, many different targeted therapies have already been approved or are under development, including drugs targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor mutations (EGFR+), Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)/proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (ALK/ROS+) fusions, proto-oncogenes KRAS and B-Raf (BRAF+) mutations, respectively, as well as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK+) mutations2–4.