PTEN and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Exosomes from hypoxic CAFs can promote breast cancer cell stemness through circHIF1A [226], and exosomes from hypoxic NSCLC cells can reprogram CAFs to form an acidic microenvironment causing NSCLC cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance [217]; exosomes from hypoxic TAMs can promote chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells through the miR-223/PTEN-PI3K/AKT pathway [227].