KRAS and neoplasm: Our investigations began with NOP56 knockdown using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which revealed that downregulation of NOP56 significantly inhibited the proliferation of numerous KRAS-mutant lung (H358, H460, A549, PF563, PF139), pancreatic (MIAPaCa, HPAF-II) and colon (HCT-116, DLD-1) cancer cells, which differ not only in tumor lineages and histological subtypes but also in KRAS mutations, e.g., G12C, G12D, Q61H, etc. (Fig. S1A, B; Table S1).