CXCL9 and ulcerative colitis: The expression of the three ligands of CXCR3 (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) is significantly increased in various diseases such as interstitial cystitis, ulcerative colitis, and myositis [21], and previous studies found that blocking CXCL10 can reduce the degree of the damage of these diseases.