IL6 and renal fibrosis: Increased IL-6 can induce microangiopathic changes in glomeruli, add lipid peroxidation metabolites to the body and accelerate DN development and progression.20 Studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress response plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of DN as oxidative stress is involved in almost all pathological changes in DN, including signal transduction of RAS, chronic inflammation, basement membrane thickening in glomeruli and renal tubules, Sertoli cell dysfunction, and renal fibrosis.