MAPK3 and neoplasm: Additionally, artemisinins administration downregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene expression, MMP2, p-p38, p-ERK1/2, CSC markers, and EMT-related proteins, which promote tumor growth, proliferation, and metastasis in lung cancer and HCC cells and their downregulation would inhibit tumor growth (Rasheed et al., 2010; Weifeng et al., 2011; Liao et al., 2014; Tong et al., 2016).