To investigate the clinical significance of macrophage infiltration and aPKCɩ expression in human CCA, we examined aPKCι and TAMs markers (macrophage: CD68; M1 macrophage: CD80; M2 macrophage: CD206) expressed in human CCA by immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting (WB), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This evidence concerns the gene CD80 and cholangiocarcinoma.