To address this, PBMC derived from macaques were co-cultured with BCG-Nanocage or live BCG in presence of recombinant IL-2, followed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) and flow cytometric analyses for productions of anti-TB cytokines or cytotoxic molecules, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, perforin, granzyme B, and granulysin. Here, IFNG is linked to tuberculosis.