Moreover, Quantitative results of ELISA showed statistically significant increased LC3II and Beclin-1 expression in DM group compared to control group (P < 0.0001 for both), while GA treated group showed a significant reduction in both LC3II and Beclin-1 compared to DM group (P < 0.001, P < 0.0001 respectively) (Fig. 3I,N). This evidence concerns the gene BECN1 and diabetes mellitus.