Indeed, while moderate amounts of nitric oxide are continuously produced by the neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS3) in the intestinal mucosa, being critical in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and integrity, an induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, NOS2) has been proposed to be associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction in various settings including NAFLD in humans.11, 12. The gene discussed is NOS3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.