More specifically, mitochondrial actors (Mitochondrial proton/calcium exchanger protein, Fumarate hydratase, Pyruvate carboxylase, Sidoreflexin, Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, Cytochrome c oxidase) and even to a greater extend synaptic proteins (NipSnap-1, Septin-5, Synapsin-1, Synapsin-2, Synaptoporin, Glutamate receptor 2) are among the most enriched proteins in both PD and MSA pellets (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is SYN1; the disease is Parkinson disease.