Several single mRNA-based biomarkers have been proposed to predict sepsis status in patients including the S100 family of genes, C Reactive Protein (CRP) and various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10, IL-6, IL-12, TNF)11, 33 However, these single biomarkers have showed nominal prognostic accuracy, reflecting their inability to capture a holistic view of the complex immune responses involved in sepsis,34 and critically have not been validated in very early sepsis. Here, TNF is linked to Sepsis.