TGFB1 and neoplasm: To demonstrate that accumulation of MDSCs caused by nonapoptotic PS produces inhibitory signals that contribute to tumor metastasis, we next examined markers for M2-like macrophages and TGF-β signaling in tumor tissues of Ctr-545 and sgATP11b-545 mice by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting.