Interestingly, SLE has been shown to evoke NAD+ depletion by induction of CD38 levels in monocyte and in cytotoxic CD8+ T cell populations, where levels in monocytes correlated with disease activity (45) and where higher CD38 levels in SLE cytotoxic CD8+ T cells were associated with an impaired capacity to control infections (46). The gene discussed is CD38; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.