NNAT and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Work by Soubry et al. reported a negative association between paternal obesity and DNA methylation in offspring suggesting that increased paternal BMI was associated with hypomethylation at the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the imprinted insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) [64], mesoderm specific transcript (MEST), paternally expressed gene-3 (PEG3), and neuronatin (NNAT) [65] genes in umbilical cord blood leukocytes of offspring.