We found that an increased pre-treatment PLC correlated with slower lung cancer progression and longer PFS after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, ECOG status, tumor histology, EGFR mutation, and PDL-1 expression (hazard ratio: 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.99–1.00 (Supplementary Table 1). Here, HSPG2 is linked to lung cancer.