These cells were classified into 16 major cell clusters: cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSC), seven types of immune cells (PTPRC or CD45+), involving Mast, B cells, NK cells, NKT cells, Plasma cells, macrophages and CD8+ T cells, and nine nonimmune cell types (PTPRC or CD45−), involving distal tubule cells (DT), kidney progenitor cells, proximal tubule cells (PT), podocytes, collecting duct cells (CD), fibroblasts and endothelial cells (Fig. 1A–C). Here, CD8A is linked to cancer.