Furthermore, our finding that AP-Cav induces mouse colon endothelial cell apoptosis is consistent with numerous studies that show that caveolin-1 acts as a proapoptotic protein in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts [25], T24 bladder carcinoma cells, MEFs [26], human 293 cell lines, and Hela cells [27]. This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and urinary bladder carcinoma.