SLC5A2 and diabetes mellitus: Previous studies have revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin and luseogliflozin, reduced a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-18 [34], IL-6 and TNFα [35], and adhesion molecules such as MCP-1 [35,38,52,53], ICAM-1 [36,50] and VCAM-1 [50,52,53] in atherosclerosis animal models with or without diabetes.