INS and Insulin resistance: Palmitate significantly reduced the acute insulin-mediated increase in GLUT4 plasma membrane levels, indicating insulin resistance (P+I: 135.2 ± 5.8% of control, p < 0.05, Figure 2); this response was restored in the presence of CA (CA+P+I: 194.4 ± 11.4% of control, p < 0.05, Figure 2).