By analyzing the mutational patterns in SMM, Bolli et al. additionally hypothesized that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is involved in the early phases of MM development, whereas apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) cytidine deaminases drive progression to symptomatic disease [41]. This evidence concerns the gene AICDA and Miyoshi myopathy.