Meanwhile, HSP22 triggered both cell growth and cell survival by affecting different signaling pathways, e.g., HSP22 promotes cardiac hypertrophy via activating phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)–Akt signaling but induces apoptosis by inhibiting casein kinase 2 (CK2) activity [19]. Here, HSPB8 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.