Simvastatin has also been proposed to inhibit IGF-IR in bile duct cancer cells [49], suppress oesophageal cancer cell growth, and lead to the development of radio-resistance by reversing the process of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition through the PTEN-PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Here, PTEN is linked to carcinoma of esophagus.